A leading cardiologist in India has sounded an alarm regarding the noticeable increase in cases of Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) among the nation’s younger population. This critical health issue is placing a significant burden on the healthcare system, with many young adults unexpectedly losing their lives, often while engaged in physical activities like exercising at the gym, walking, or playing sports.

What is Sudden Cardiac Death?

Sudden Cardiac Death is defined as the abrupt, unexpected loss of heart function, which can occur within minutes. Unlike a heart attack (which is a circulation problem), SCD is primarily an electrical problem where the heart suddenly stops beating effectively. However, a prior heart attack or existing heart disease can significantly increase the risk of SCD. The survival rate is extremely low without immediate emergency intervention, underscoring the vital need for quick action and recognition of symptoms.

Key Risk Factors and Causes

According to medical experts, the heightened risk of SCD is often linked to pre-existing, underlying heart conditions that may have gone undiagnosed. Regular cardiac screening is therefore non-negotiable, as up to 80% of premature cardiovascular deaths are considered preventable.

Primary causes and risk factors include:

• Coronary Artery Disease: Blockages in the arteries supplying blood to the heart.
• Previous Cardiac Events: A history of heart attack, heart failure, or weakened heart muscles.
• Cardiomyopathy: Severe thickening of the heart muscle (e.g., hypertrophic cardiomyopathy).
• Genetic Rhythm Disorders: Inherited conditions affecting the heart’s electrical system (e.g., Long QT syndrome).
• Trauma: Severe chest injury or electrocution.

Recognizing the Symptoms

SCD often happens without warning, but some individuals may experience subtle symptoms beforehand. Recognizing these signs is crucial for potential intervention:

• Chest Pain or discomfort.
• Shortness of Breath.
• Dizziness or Fainting (syncope).
• Palpitations or an abnormally fast heartbeat.
• Sudden Collapse (the defining event of SCD).